Showing posts with label Notes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Notes. Show all posts
Wednesday, 8 October 2014
Sunday, 5 October 2014
Record Labels
Record Labels:
Record labels are associated with the marketing of music recording and music videos. A record label is the company which manages brands and manages the following: production, manufacture, distribution, marketing, promotion and other concepts relating to the development of the music recording/music video. The record label implements a copyright protection of sound recordings and music videos; they administrate talent searches and the development of new artists and maintains contrast with recording artists and their managers.
The term "record label" derives from the circular label in the centre of an vinyl record which prominently displays the name and other information.
Major Record Label:
A major record label is owned by a substantially colossal corporation. Major record labels have an over abundance of money to fund the following: promotion, tour and advertising. A major record label can be quite authoritarian; they wouldn't want to pay for the anomalies which could occur or the artists failure.
Independent Record Label:
An independent record label would sign an artist after an arranged audition; independent labels are a lot smaller in comparison to major labels whereas artists would have to pay for their own equipment (in order to create your music) usage if signed by a independent label. Independent labels are low key.
Universal Music Group:
The Universal Music Group is a multinational company; a subsidiary of Universal Studios. Various artists which were signed by thew Universal Music Group: Mariah Carey; 50 Cent; Kanye West and Gwen Stefani. This particular group was seen to be rather insignificant due to Universal Pictures Group were the most successful movie studios in Hollywood.
Warner Music Group:
Warner Brothers released the soundtracks which appeared in their films - they began the label in 1958. This lead to a popularity increase in two particular genres of music: rock and pop. The association managed to acquire Atlantic Records in 1968. Were known for the genres; jazz and R&B. They eventually changed their name to Warner Communications. They eventually unified with the Time organisation/corporation which then formed Time Warner. Warner music was sold in 2003 and made $2.3 billion.
Sony BMG:
This association holds approximately 25% of the music market. The label manipulates and distributes over 20 labels, such as the following: Red Music Distribution; Epic Records; RCA Records and Columbia Records. Sony is associated with the conglomerate; Sony Corporation.
Record labels are associated with the marketing of music recording and music videos. A record label is the company which manages brands and manages the following: production, manufacture, distribution, marketing, promotion and other concepts relating to the development of the music recording/music video. The record label implements a copyright protection of sound recordings and music videos; they administrate talent searches and the development of new artists and maintains contrast with recording artists and their managers.
The term "record label" derives from the circular label in the centre of an vinyl record which prominently displays the name and other information.
Major Record Label:
A major record label is owned by a substantially colossal corporation. Major record labels have an over abundance of money to fund the following: promotion, tour and advertising. A major record label can be quite authoritarian; they wouldn't want to pay for the anomalies which could occur or the artists failure.
Independent Record Label:
An independent record label would sign an artist after an arranged audition; independent labels are a lot smaller in comparison to major labels whereas artists would have to pay for their own equipment (in order to create your music) usage if signed by a independent label. Independent labels are low key.
Universal Music Group:
The Universal Music Group is a multinational company; a subsidiary of Universal Studios. Various artists which were signed by thew Universal Music Group: Mariah Carey; 50 Cent; Kanye West and Gwen Stefani. This particular group was seen to be rather insignificant due to Universal Pictures Group were the most successful movie studios in Hollywood.
Warner Music Group:
Warner Brothers released the soundtracks which appeared in their films - they began the label in 1958. This lead to a popularity increase in two particular genres of music: rock and pop. The association managed to acquire Atlantic Records in 1968. Were known for the genres; jazz and R&B. They eventually changed their name to Warner Communications. They eventually unified with the Time organisation/corporation which then formed Time Warner. Warner music was sold in 2003 and made $2.3 billion.
Sony BMG:
This association holds approximately 25% of the music market. The label manipulates and distributes over 20 labels, such as the following: Red Music Distribution; Epic Records; RCA Records and Columbia Records. Sony is associated with the conglomerate; Sony Corporation.
Saturday, 4 October 2014
Goodwin's Theory
Goodwin's theory is exemplified within music videos and the following conventions are typically used in music videos. Demonstrations of genre characteristics.
- Relationship between the lyrics and visual images
- Relationships between the lyrics and music - types of amplification, complimentary and contradictory concepts
- Demand for the record label - usually relies on the necessity for cinematography types such as, close ups (representations of the artist)
- Notion of looking (screens within screens) - voyeuristic treatment of the female body - sexualising them and giving them a less significant status in comparison to men (objectification). direct gaze, other people within the music video looking at the artist, insight in relation to the artists personal life. The use of screens and mirrors.
- Intertextual references - in relation to the following: films, television, programmes and other music videos
- Star power
- Genre characteristics
- Narrative - in relation to the music video
- Performance concept
- Illustration - music videos use a set of images to illustrate the meaning of lyrics and genre
- Amplification - relates to repetition; elucidation and effects are manipulated and is always shown thriuh the duration of the music video.
- Disjuncture - To the extent where the elucidation of the song is completely ignored.
- Comic effects - parody
- Pastiche - imagery
- Homage - imitations of flattery
Wednesday, 24 September 2014
Digipak notes
The following features are typically used in association of digipak's:
- Lyrics
- Photographs of the artist
- Images
- Bar code
- Background information
- Record label information
- Copyright information
- Song list
- Bonus disc/CD
- Album name
- Band name
- Lyric book
- Stickers
- Post cards
- Exclusive accessories/items
- Limited edition items/appearance
- Download links - Itunes
- Collectables
Digipacks typically consist of gate fold (book style) paper board of card - plastic trays/ capable of holdings a CD/DVD.
- Jewel case
- Custom printed card
- Special editions
- Professional appearance and feel
The album cover is designed to promoted the artist's unique selling point (USP)
Iconic:
Clear images of the artist's/band members face/body/appearance/band identity - an established and translated image.
- Clothes
- College
- Artist
Post Modernism
Post modern media rejects the idea that any media product or text is of any greater value than another. All judgements of value are merely taste.
Characterised by the self-concious use of earlier styles and conventions, a mixing of different artistic styles and media.
The mixing and sampling of different kinds and levels - of hip hop music, of material in television advertisements, films).
Experimental Cannon: genre attempts to establish trends
Post Modern: Looks at other trends and attempts to add something new
Cannon Stage: work within those trends
The following are three types of intertextuality:
Homage - Imitations is the highest form of flattery. A reference within a creative piece of work which is initially aimed at someone who has influenced an artist. Michael Jackson - Smooth Criminal is a homage of the Band Wagon - Homage.
Pastiche - Using the imagery of one text to make a comment
Parody - A parody is a concept which mimics the conventions and style of another piece of work in a absurd or ridiculous form. (Youtuber: Tobuscus - parody videos of films, etc)
Hybrid forms are said to level hierarchies of taste. It is said that all distinctions between high culture and popular culture, have gone, or become blurred. Post modern texts 'raid the image blank' which is so richly available through video and computer technologies, recycle some old movies and shows on television, the internet. Music, film and TV provide excellent examples of processes.
Post modernism is also said to reflect modern society's feelings of alienation, insecurity and uncertainties concerning identity, history, progress and truth, and the break - up of those tradition like religion, the family or perhaps to a lesser extent, class, which helped identify and shape who we are and our place in the world. Artists like Madonna, post modernism in the ways in which they have created or re-created different identities for themselves.
This has associations for realist forms of media, the sense of reality is said to be dominated by popular media images; cultural forms can no longer 'hold up the mirror to reality', since reality is saturated by advertising, films, video games, television images and other forms of media.
The capacity of digital imaging makes the reliability of images difficult - The use of Photoshop in magazines and advertising images. Advertising no longer tries to convince the audience/consumer of it's products realistic quality but shows the viewers fake concepts about the product (ideologies which are shown in a advertisement and cannot be done in reality).
Bricolage:
This is used to refer to the process of adaptation or improvisation where aspects of one style are given quite different meanings when compared with stylistic features from another. Youth subcultural groups; punks, with their bondage gear/outfits and use of swastikas were electric as they took the idea of clothes associated with different class positions or work functions and converted them into fashion staements 'empty' of their original meanings.
Simulation:
The blurring of real and 'simulated', especially in film and reality TV or celebrity magazines. Simulation or hyper reality refers to not only the increasing use of CGI in films like The Lord of the Rings films and Avatar, but in the use of documentary style in fiction in the narrative enigmas of science fiction such as, The Matrix or Blade Runner. It suggests if it's human or artificial.
Disjointed Narrative Structure:
This idea is said to mimic the uncertainties and relativism of postmodernity in films like Pulp Fiction as contemporary narratives often won't guarantee identifications with characters, or the 'happy ending' or meta narratives. They often manage to play with multiple, or heavily ironic 'unfinished' or pardoic endings.
De-modification:
A commodity invariably is always contingent for the status and value. In relation to the distribution and introduction, when it becomes inadequate, it becomes effectively free. The status and value of the commodity becomes lost.
Characterised by the self-concious use of earlier styles and conventions, a mixing of different artistic styles and media.
The mixing and sampling of different kinds and levels - of hip hop music, of material in television advertisements, films).
Experimental Cannon: genre attempts to establish trends
Post Modern: Looks at other trends and attempts to add something new
Cannon Stage: work within those trends
The following are three types of intertextuality:
Homage - Imitations is the highest form of flattery. A reference within a creative piece of work which is initially aimed at someone who has influenced an artist. Michael Jackson - Smooth Criminal is a homage of the Band Wagon - Homage.
Pastiche - Using the imagery of one text to make a comment
Parody - A parody is a concept which mimics the conventions and style of another piece of work in a absurd or ridiculous form. (Youtuber: Tobuscus - parody videos of films, etc)
Hybrid forms are said to level hierarchies of taste. It is said that all distinctions between high culture and popular culture, have gone, or become blurred. Post modern texts 'raid the image blank' which is so richly available through video and computer technologies, recycle some old movies and shows on television, the internet. Music, film and TV provide excellent examples of processes.
Post modernism is also said to reflect modern society's feelings of alienation, insecurity and uncertainties concerning identity, history, progress and truth, and the break - up of those tradition like religion, the family or perhaps to a lesser extent, class, which helped identify and shape who we are and our place in the world. Artists like Madonna, post modernism in the ways in which they have created or re-created different identities for themselves.
This has associations for realist forms of media, the sense of reality is said to be dominated by popular media images; cultural forms can no longer 'hold up the mirror to reality', since reality is saturated by advertising, films, video games, television images and other forms of media.
The capacity of digital imaging makes the reliability of images difficult - The use of Photoshop in magazines and advertising images. Advertising no longer tries to convince the audience/consumer of it's products realistic quality but shows the viewers fake concepts about the product (ideologies which are shown in a advertisement and cannot be done in reality).
Bricolage:
This is used to refer to the process of adaptation or improvisation where aspects of one style are given quite different meanings when compared with stylistic features from another. Youth subcultural groups; punks, with their bondage gear/outfits and use of swastikas were electric as they took the idea of clothes associated with different class positions or work functions and converted them into fashion staements 'empty' of their original meanings.
Simulation:
The blurring of real and 'simulated', especially in film and reality TV or celebrity magazines. Simulation or hyper reality refers to not only the increasing use of CGI in films like The Lord of the Rings films and Avatar, but in the use of documentary style in fiction in the narrative enigmas of science fiction such as, The Matrix or Blade Runner. It suggests if it's human or artificial.
Disjointed Narrative Structure:
This idea is said to mimic the uncertainties and relativism of postmodernity in films like Pulp Fiction as contemporary narratives often won't guarantee identifications with characters, or the 'happy ending' or meta narratives. They often manage to play with multiple, or heavily ironic 'unfinished' or pardoic endings.
De-modification:
A commodity invariably is always contingent for the status and value. In relation to the distribution and introduction, when it becomes inadequate, it becomes effectively free. The status and value of the commodity becomes lost.
- Decomodification is the strength of social entitlements and artists
- Can be the process of viewing utilities as an entitlement
Sunday, 14 September 2014
Notes - part four: Development of technical codes
The key innovation in the development of the modern music video was video recording and editing processes; green and blue screens.
Portable video cameras enabled many pop acts to produce promotional videos
Colourisation - colourful outlines, effects, animations, cartoons, CGI
1990 - Common technical codes:
As the genre developed, music videos increasingly turned to 35 mm films.
The rise in popularity of music videos led to huge demand for good quality videos and genre themed videos.
Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics
Relationships between lyrics and visuals
Demand of the record label will include the need for the variety of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motives which recur across their work
Notion of looking (screens within screens, telescopes, periscopes) voyeuristic treatment of the female body
Intertextual references - to film, TV, programmes, other music videos
Television shows include intertextual references, often for comic effects, (parody) for example, Family guy, Simpsons (use of film/TV stars, story lines, political references). Intertextuality stretches to 'non-fiction' media such as newspapers.
Stylistically: by imitating the style of a film or television genre, video games, cartoons.
Goodwin's music video analysis 'Dancing in the distraction factory'
Theme and Narrative:
George Michael's outside music video uses intertexuality both stylistically in parts and through it's narrative which refers to his arrest for indecent behaviour.
Content: Some videos contain more subtle intertextual references within their content, a nod to a person or character, political comment, current news item.
(Madona's Material Girl) - music video
Purpose of intertextual referencing
Can add another dimension or meaning to a text, as well as fulfilling an important role for audiences.
The audience may be familiar with to generate both potentially nostalgic associations and new meanings
Portable video cameras enabled many pop acts to produce promotional videos
Colourisation - colourful outlines, effects, animations, cartoons, CGI
1990 - Common technical codes:
- Fast cut montage - most common form of editing
- Multiple viewings
- Split screens
- Colourisation
- Non - representational techniques - the musical artist is never shown, became more common (alternative narratives)
- Lack of edits, long takes, steady cams
As the genre developed, music videos increasingly turned to 35 mm films.
The rise in popularity of music videos led to huge demand for good quality videos and genre themed videos.
Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics
Relationships between lyrics and visuals
Demand of the record label will include the need for the variety of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motives which recur across their work
Notion of looking (screens within screens, telescopes, periscopes) voyeuristic treatment of the female body
Intertextual references - to film, TV, programmes, other music videos
Television shows include intertextual references, often for comic effects, (parody) for example, Family guy, Simpsons (use of film/TV stars, story lines, political references). Intertextuality stretches to 'non-fiction' media such as newspapers.
Stylistically: by imitating the style of a film or television genre, video games, cartoons.
Goodwin's music video analysis 'Dancing in the distraction factory'
Theme and Narrative:
George Michael's outside music video uses intertexuality both stylistically in parts and through it's narrative which refers to his arrest for indecent behaviour.
Content: Some videos contain more subtle intertextual references within their content, a nod to a person or character, political comment, current news item.
(Madona's Material Girl) - music video
Purpose of intertextual referencing
Can add another dimension or meaning to a text, as well as fulfilling an important role for audiences.
The audience may be familiar with to generate both potentially nostalgic associations and new meanings
Notes - Part three: Technical codes - Editing
Technical Codes:
Various editing concepts can be used to intensify videos; making them fast paced. Therefore, this can make it difficult to identify certain visuals on the first viewing, causing multiple viewings. Techniques such as jump cuts, split screen, montage ensure multiple viewings for a video.
Mood can be established in slow paced videos by using certain elements like transitions.
Enhancing the editing are digital effects which are integrated with the original images; this can crate a diverse appeal to the audience. Forms such as split screen and colourisation (CGI styles) emphasise the visuals for the viewers, creating different appeals.
This music video shows examples of digital effects.
Dark colours
Depth of field
People transitioning in and out of the frame, affecting the focus
Symmetrical shots
Depressing/cold
No studio - filmed entirely on a street; creates the setting
Various editing concepts can be used to intensify videos; making them fast paced. Therefore, this can make it difficult to identify certain visuals on the first viewing, causing multiple viewings. Techniques such as jump cuts, split screen, montage ensure multiple viewings for a video.
Mood can be established in slow paced videos by using certain elements like transitions.
Enhancing the editing are digital effects which are integrated with the original images; this can crate a diverse appeal to the audience. Forms such as split screen and colourisation (CGI styles) emphasise the visuals for the viewers, creating different appeals.
This music video shows examples of digital effects.
Dark colours
Depth of field
People transitioning in and out of the frame, affecting the focus
Symmetrical shots
Depressing/cold
No studio - filmed entirely on a street; creates the setting
Friday, 12 September 2014
Notes - Part two: Technical codes - Cinematography
The way that the cinematography is used and how the particular images are sequenced will have a significant impact upon the elucidation; of the narrative or concept. Different cinematography concepts can exemplify and convey specific meanings for the audience.
Camera movement
Angle
Shot distance
Camera movement is essential when capturing the movement of the performers (walking, dancing). The cinematography can create a dynamic perspective to the stage performers (the camera can circle the bands performance). The ambience/surroundings are revealed can partially convey parts of the narrative which can perhaps be synchronised with the lyrics and visuals.
Camera concepts such as close ups can reveal particular insights to the viewers, for example, the band identity. The band identity reveals various characteristics of the performers and the origins of the band. An example of particular cinematography concepts revealing the band identity to the viewer can be the school boy costume which a particular AC/DC performer wears during stage performances.
Close ups and other camera shots can emphasise a sense of intimacy for the viewers; this could convey a connection for the viewers due to the personal features which the performer and viewer share. Personal features which particular viewers can relate to from the genre/category. Specific elements help to capture particular groups of people which creates the target audience, which can be exaggerated in the narrative/mise-en-scene.
Various features can help establish the target audience for the performers/band due to the aspects which the viewers and performers share.
Notes - Part one - Music Video
Music video:
The invention of film/cinema brought about the possibility of integrating music and moving images.
Music videos have been around since the 1920s.Bessie Smith (Jazz musician), made short films to accompany popular songs.
Bob Dylan (1965) films - "Subterranean Homesick Blues" as a segment for the film 'Don't look back' - Pennebaker's films. credited as one of the first modern music videos.
1970: the record industry discovers - TV shows shows as a great opportunity to promote their artists.
They focus on producing short "promos" early music videos which started to replace the live performance of the artists on the TV-stage.
Bohemian Rhapsody:
1975 - this video released by Queen, beginning of the video era and set the language for the modern music videos considered to the language to use advanced visual effects:
Fade effects (in and out)
Dissolving effects
Silohuettes
Variety of close ups revealing the bands identity
Tight clothing - flamboyant - band identity
Props
Stage performance
Facial make up
They focus on producing short "promos" early music videos which started to replace the live performance of the artists on the TV-stage.
Bohemian Rhapsody:
1975 - this video released by Queen, beginning of the video era and set the language for the modern music videos considered to the language to use advanced visual effects:
Fade effects (in and out)
Dissolving effects
Silohuettes
Variety of close ups revealing the bands identity
Tight clothing - flamboyant - band identity
Props
Stage performance
Facial make up
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